Basic computer knowledge ? All basic information about computers?
Basic computer knowledge is about how computers work and how to use them.
First, we know about computers full form,
Computer:-
C- Common
O-Oriented
M-Multi
P- Purpose
U- Universal
T- Technology
E-Education
R- Research
The computer is a high-speed electronic device. The word of computer comes from the Greek word “compute” which means calculation. There are four types of computers merits and two types of computer demerits.
Four types of computer merits:-
1. Speed:- Computer is a high-speed electronic device. It performs to solve a problem in the faction of a second. Its speed performance is really good.
2. Accuracy:- Computer always displays the accurate result of problems. If it displays the wrong result that is the user’s fault. It displays true for right argument and false for wrong arguments.
3. Versatility:- Computer can do more than work at a time. Such as computer repair bile for company and same time create a presentation for a company.
4. Diligence:- A Computer can do a huge amount of data in a small unit. We can retry the storing information during our requirements.
Two types of Computer demerits:–
1. Depend on the open user:- Computer always depends on opening a user. It can’t run without the user’s instruction.
2.No feelings:- Computer has no commonsense. It can’t feel the situation like human beings.
It displays true for the right argument and false for the wrong argument.
*Function of Computer:-
There are three primary functions of computers. Such as:-
1. Input data/Input device
2.Output data / Output device
3. Processing device
1. Input data/Input device:-
Through which we can enter some information or data in the system. That is called an input device.
Example:- Keyboard, Mouse, and Scanner.
* Computer Keyboard:-
It is an input device. There are two types of keyboards
General Keyboard (minimum 104 keys)
Multimedia keyboard (minimum 122 keys)
Types of Computer keys:- There are seven types of keys in categories.
1. Alphabetical keys ( A to Z )
2. Numerical keys ( O to Q )
3. Function keys ( F1 to F12 )
4. Editing keys ( Insert, Backspace, Delate, etc )
5. System keys ( Windows key, Print key, and Special key )
6. Punctuation keys ( . , ‘ ” : ; < > ? / | )
& 7. Direction keys ( Left arrow, Right arrow, Up arrow & Down arrow )
*Computer Mouse & Its types:-
The mouse is also an important input device. There are many types of Mouse available. But there are categories in four types. Such as:-
1. Optical Mouse
2. Serial Mouse
3. Bus mouse &
4. Mechanical Mouse
There are three bottoms available in a mouse. The left bottom is used for general purposes. The right bottom is used for a special purpose. And the middle bottom is used for scrolling purposes.
* Scanner:-
It is an input device. It is also known as a photocopy machine. It creates a copy of an image and transfers it to Windows. Scanners are categorized into three types. Such as MICR, OCR & BCR.
MICR:- It stands for the Magnetic ink character reader. It is an input device. It is used for reading the
cheques in the Bank.
OCR:- It stands for optical character reader. It is an input device. It is used to check the exam paper. Where we can create the mark through pen or pencil on the specially designed paper.
BCR:- BCR stands for Bar Code Reader. It is used to read the barcode through which we can know about the serial number, Company Name, Manufacturing date, and Price, etc.
2. Output data / Output device:-
Through which we can display our processing information or data is known as an output device.
Example:- Monitor, Printer & Scanner.
*Monitor:-It is just like a screen of a desktop. Where we can display our processing information in a visual format. That is called monitor. There are six types of monitors in categories.
Types of Monitor:-
1. CRT – Calsode Ray Tube
2. LCD -Liquid Crystal Display
3. LED – Light Emitting Diodes
4. PDP -Plasma Display Panel
5. VFD – Vacum Fluorescent Display
6. ELD – Electric Luminescent Display
*Printer:- In this device, we can display processing information or data with pretext format. It is divided into two types. Such as – Impact Printer and Non-Impact Printer
Impact Printer:- Impact printers are these types of printer key heads that are directly connected with physical paper.
Example: – Dmp and Daisy wheel
1. DMP:- It stands for Dot merit printer. In this type of printer, we can print out our information in donated format.
2. Daisy Wheel: -In this type of printer key heads around a hub at the time of printing.
Non-impact printer:- In this type of printer, the key heads have no direct connection with physical paper. It is of two types.
1. Inkjet:- In this printer, the key heads have no direct contact with physical paper at the time of printing the ink spray of the physical paper.
2. Leaser printer:-It just like a xerox machine at the time of printing alight bim pass through the information.
* Speaker:- It is an output device. It attaches to with motherboard at the time of beating it display it displays a second effect.
3. Processing Device:-
Through which device we can process the information or data is known as a processing device.
Example:- CPU
*CPU:-It stands for the central processing unit. It is otherwise known as Brainer of Computer. It is divided into 3 parts.
a. Control Unit;- It controls ALU and memory unit.
b. ALU:- It stands for the arithmetical and logical unit. It mentions all types of arithmetical and memory work in a system.
c. Memory Unit:- The storing capacity of a device is known as a memory unit. It is divided into two types. Example:- Primary Memory and Secondary Memory.
1. Primary memory:- Which memory direct-attached with CPU is known as primary memory or for the actual processing the data is to be store a small is known as the primary unit. It is divided into two types.
Such as Ram and Rom
*Ram:- It stands for Random Access Memory. Which is used to handle all active tasks and apps. It is divided into 4 types. Such as S-Ram, D-Ram, F-Ram, and V-Ram.
. S-Ram:- It stands for Static Random Access memory. It can not modify its information because it is always in starting position.
.D-Ram:- It stands for Dynamic Random Access Memory. It is not stable it always varies from time to time.
.F-Ram:- It stands for Ferro Magnetic Random Access Memory. It helps to start the storage of data units. Ferro Magnetic Random Access Memory is similar in construction to D-Ram but uses a
ferromagnetic layer instead of a dielectric layer to achieve non-volatility.
.V-Ram:-It stands for Video Random Access Memory. It contains all the graphical information.
*Rom:- It stands for Read-Only Memory. Rom is a type of Electronic storage which comes built into a device during manufacturing. Rom is like external chips. It is divided into four types. such as:-
E-Rom
EP-Rom
P-Rom
EEP-Rom
.E-Rom:- It stands for Erasable Read-Only Memory. In this type of Rom can use the programs of a file.
.EP-Rom:-It stands for erasable programmable read-only memory. This type of Rom can be Program erase 15 rough ultraviolet light.
.P-Rom:- It stands for Programmable Read-Only Memory. While in P-Rom is the type of read-only memory. It is a type of memory that can only be modified once not again.
.EEP-Rom:- It stands for Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory. It can erase a program in the electronic process.
2. Secondary Memory:-
It is a place where information is stored for 15 feature purposes and recalled when necessary. It is a physical device. It is categorized into two types. Such as:-
Disk & Tape
It is Very Important for Beginners